授之以鱼,莫若授之以渔

在知识的海洋中,如何让学生掌握更多的知识,这是每一位教师在思考的问题。本文主要从授之以渔角度阐述,讨论如何促进学生自主学习,提高教学质量和学习效率。     

新西兰水产品安全立法研究

新西兰食品安全立法包括议会基本法、总督或食品安全部长发布的次级立法以及三级立法。食品标准属于部长发布的次级立法。《1981年食品法》和《1999年动物产品法》规定了基于HACCP原则的食品安全计划、风险管理计划、管控方案等多项法律制度和措施。必须按照初级产业部制定的管控方案从事双壳贝类养殖和渔船上的水产品有限加工,并应遵守最小化污染物和变质原则,以及接受第三方的外部核查制度。建议以HACCP理论为指导,完善我国水产品安全立法,重构食品标准体系,扶持水产品认证机构发展,提高国际竞争力,依法建立透明的水产品质量可追溯体系。     

基于人工鱼群算法的水资源可持续供给能力评价方法探讨

人工鱼群算法是一种具有自适应能力和并行性较强、对初始值和目标函数性质及参数选择要求不高、可实现全局寻优等优点的随机搜索优化方法,适宜应用于方案优化、综合评价等问题的研究。本文应用人工鱼群算法,建立水资源可持续供给能力评价模型,运用MATLAB软件编程实现算法,并应用该模型进行了扬州市水资源可持续供给能力评价。案例研究结果表明,基于人工鱼群算法的评价模型优化程度较高,适宜于水资源可持续供给能力评价。     

浅析湖北天门方言的词缀

天门方言属于西南官话的一个分支。天门方言的词缀和普通话相比,总量更多,形式和用法也更为丰富。文章从天门方言的特殊性出发,重点分析与普通话不同的词缀：＂的＂、＂子＂、＂声＂、＂气＂＂们数＂、＂伙里＂、＂头＂和＂场＂。     

The extent and magnitude of formalin adulteration in fish sold in domestic markets of Bangladesh: a literature review

Bangladesh has been suffering from rampant food adulteration for the last few decades. Dishonest businessmen use formalin illegally as preservative to prevent spoilage and increase shelf‐life of fish. Prolonged consumption of formalin adulterated fish may cause serious health hazards (i.e. cancers) which lead to increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of the review was to examine the extent and magnitude of illegal formalin treatment in fish sold in domestic markets of Bangladesh. A systematic review was conducted using conventional databases and non‐conventional approaches to identify the relevant studies. Out of nine studies, eight confirmed the presence of formalin in fish collected from the markets of four main cities. Large and imported fishes were found to be mainly affected. Formalin adulterated fish was reported in seven studies. The fish were tested using a locally developed kit, and the amount of formalin treated fish ranged between 0.5 and 50%. Two other studies used the spectrophotometric method and reported specific formalin levels. The study conducted in Dhaka found mean levels of formalin to be 402.35 mg/kg in imported fishes and 118.60 mg/kg in local fishes which were much higher than the WHO recommended levels. In another study conducted in Mymensingh, formalin levels ranged between 1.4 and 7.3 mg/kg in both marketed and freshly caught pond fishes. The use of accurate, simple, specific and sensitive techniques is therefore highly recommended. The government and other agencies should address the issue as a priority basis by formulating effective policies and programs to safeguard the health of the public.     

电子商务买方信用评价实证分析

随着网络经济的发展,买方的信用评价以及进一步分析对交易中的卖方越来越重要。人工鱼群算法将人工智能与全局优化思想有机结合,具有全局性、并行性、快速性等优点。结合实例,针对电子商务的特点,对算法进行改进,并调整部分因子将其有效应用于买方信用评价分析中。     

大宗淡水鱼类产业态势及发展对策研究

我国特别是长江中下游地区大宗淡水鱼类产业发展历史久远,得天独厚,占有举足轻重的地位,同时大宗淡水鱼类产业在现代农业产业技术体系也具有不可或缺的地位。论文从大宗淡水鱼类产业的水平与态势、产业存在的主要问题与矛盾、产业的传承与创新、产业科技与传播等四个方面分析了大宗淡水鱼类产业的环境因素和产业发展的技术经济方面的现状与问题,并从技术实现角度提出对策和政策建议。     

淡水养殖效益低下的原因及改善途径

近年来，淡水养殖效益平均每年以10％－15％的速度下滑，严重挫伤了从业者的积极性。本文主要从渔业引导体系、生产经营、产品转化、产业结构、病害防治等5个方面分析造成效益低下的原因，并提出相关改善途径。     

Meat and fish consumption patterns in Saudi Arabia

This study analyses the demand for meat (beef, chicken and lamb) and fish in Saudi Arabia in a system-wide framework using data for the period 1985–2010. A preliminary data analysis reveals that, in Saudi Arabia, the relative consumption of beef, chicken and fish has a positive growth, while lamb has a negative growth. The average relative price growth rates of beef, chicken and fish are negative, while that of lamb is positive. The expenditure shares of beef, chicken and fish have increased while that of lamb has fallen. The estimation results of the demand system reveal that there is an autonomous trend out of lamb into beef, chicken and fish. The implied income elasticities indicate that beef, lamb and fish are considered to be luxuries, while chicken is a necessity. The demand for all meat products and fish are price inelastic. These elasticities are key inputs for policy analysts in terms of devising policies in relation to meat production, meat imports, taxation and food security issues in Saudi Arabia. The usefulness of the implied elasticities is demonstrated by simulating the consumption of beef, chicken, lamb and fish under various policy scenarios.